Power-producing process.



P. DANGKWARDT.

POWER PRODUCING PROCESS.

APPLICATION FILED APR.14.1908.

933,023, Patented Aug. 31, 1909.

814 'DOVWO'Z witmeowo ram. mmcxwm'r, or mama, cotonano.

rowan-rhonocm'e raoosss.

p cification of Letters Patent. Patented Aug. 31,1909.

Application filed April 14, 1908. Serial No. 426,978.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, PAUL DANcKwARuT, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city and county of Denver and State of Colorado, have invented a certain new and useful Power-Producing Process; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification. r

This invention relates to a new and useful process for'producing power from fuel or the heat of waste gases, exhaust steam, etc, by causing a body of heated fluid to be set into motion by a current of gas, this gas being generated by the heat of the moving fluid upon another fluid substance which has a boiling point or point of volatilization, below that of the moving fluid and a very low latent and specific heat, and which is continuously condensed and reintroduced as a fluid, the moving fluid before returning to its starting place passing a turbine or other velocity of its mass into power.

While any suitable apparatus may be employed in practicing my process, T have illustrated in v the accompanying drawing one form of ap ratus that may be employed.

this rawing, let the numeral 5 desighate a chimney-like structure built of any material for instance brick, cement or iron, preferably covered with an outside packing to prevent loss of heat by radiation. At the bottom is an opening through'which a pipe 1% passes for the introduction of the heating gases to a pipe 10 which as shown in the drawing is provided with upwardly directed nozzles 12. The heating agent may consist of waste gases, exhaust steam or direct combastion gases. Near the top of the structure 5 is a port (1* communica" with a pipe D for the escaping gases. '1' e top of the structure 5 is closed by a pan-iikevessel 17..

inside ofthe structure 5 is placed the apparatus in which the circulation oi the water or-other fluid is produced. it consists of an ter extend through the bottom plate 18 of the vessel 17 and open into the latter. The upper extremities ofthese pipes are open and are tightlyfitted into the plate 18. The top vessel 17, communicates by a relatively large return pipe H with a turbine or motor I of any description, which discharges the water or other solution into an iron box K below. This box is connected with a number of pipes L, with one side of the box 7. It may, however, be built integral with the box 7 since the pipes L only make provision for a larger heating surface. The to vessel 17 contains a moisture collector communicating with a discharge pipe N. The collector M is set up with its lower extremity dipping into the water in the vessel 'Mfit being assumed that the'level of the water is indicated by the dotted line 19. This prevents the gas from taking the wrong course. The pipe N leads to a condenser 13 of any construction, the drawing showing a simple pipe condenser, the bottom part of which is connected by means of a pipe 16, a pump 14; and a pipe 15 with the bottom compartment 9 of the iron box 7, and by means of a pipe .20 and a pump Zlwith thetop vessel 17-. suitable motor and thus transforming the T is a pipe with valve 22. This pipe may be employed either for the purpose of filling .or emptying the apparatus.

U is a pipe provided with a' valve 23, This pipe may be employed for introducing the carbon disulfid or other gas producing medium, into the condenser.

11, Order to operate this apparatus for the purpose of carrying out my recess, l introduce through the pipe T S11 cient water or' fluid to fill the apparatus u to a level abpve the bottom of the vessel 1 or to the level indicated b. the dotted line 19. Into the condenser or another suitable fluid, until it reaches nearly to the pipe 20 or to the level indicated by the dotted line 24. I then allow the heating gases to enter the device 10 through the pipe B, and regulate the heat so as to keep 3, l introduce carbon disulfid,

the, temperature of the water or other circulatin% medimnbelow its boiling, point, but consr erably above that of the gas-produc-' ing' medium. The test may be made at any time on a sample drawn from the pipe T by 0 ening the valve 22, or at any other suite 1e lace where a pipe and faucet may he provi' ed. When the circulating fluid has reached the proper temperature, turn on -pors formed will exert considerable the Water to the condenser which enters through a pipe 26 and passes out throu h a pipe 27. I then start the pump 14 w 'ch 1n]ects the carbon disulfid or other gasproducing medium, into the bottom compartment 9 of the box 7 The carbon disulfidwill here be volatilized, and the gas thus formed forced through the i s 8 into the larger pipe 6. This will i the circulating medium into the top tank or vessel 17 fillin it up until it can overflow into 1ng from the upper extremities of the pipes 6 into the top vessel 17, passes on through the moisture collector ML and pipe N, into the condenser 13 where it' is condensed and pumped back into-the bottom compartment 9 of the box 7 The small uantities of water or whatever other flui may be used, which are carried over with the gases and particularly in the case of carbon disulfid, will collect on the surface of the latter. I have provided the extra. pipe 20 and pump 21, for use in returningit to the top vessel 17, whenever it shall have accumulated 2 ifficiently for the purpose. In case the gasproducing medium is lighter than the circulating fluid, the latter forms the bottom layer and connections must be changed accordingly.

From theforegoing description my improved process Wlll be readily understood. By means of the burner or heater .10, the water for instance is heated to about 90 C. When this temperature has been reached, the pump 14 is started. The fluid as carbon disulfid being will then be ,volatilized and as its boiling point is considerably below 90 (1., the varessure and overcome the pressure of the co umn of water. They try to escape and will, as in an air lift pump, carry a certain amount of water upward until it can esca through the connecting pi H to the tur ine which will be started t ereby, the water passingto the box K and thence into the box D as heretofore explained. If sufiicient heat is injected into the hot water it is condensed and again-discharged through the "agency of the pipe 14 into the compartment 9 of the box 7 If it be supposed that the fluid which is to furnish the gas, has amuch lower latent, heat and also a smaller specific heat than water, it will be possible to produce a certain gas pressure at less cost than an equal pressure from water converted into steam, because less fuel will be required for obtaining the same condition. Indeed efforts have been made from time to time to use this principle to an advantage by substituting such other fluid for water in a boiler and engine plant, but considering the unfitness of an engine and apparatus of that kind to be worked by such dangerous substances, all such attempts have turned into failures. The process I have invented, permits Work at temperatures and under conditions which will not result in any decomposition of the substances employed; hence no explosions can occur, and as the apparatus em loyed in carrying out the process has no Va ves or sliding parts where the gas can escape, there is no danger from poisonous gases.

There are a great many substances which fulfil the conditions required by the process heretofore explained. Those found to be bestada ted are carbon bisulfid, ether, the light coa oils, benzin, gasolene, chloroform, alcohol and a considerable number of other organic substances. As a moving fluid, I prefer water or a solution of sameheavy substance in water, but any substance fluid at the temperature employed and which is at that temperature nota solvent of the other s-forming substance, may be substituted orit. The moving fluid ought to be as heavy as possible, as that roperty will allow the apparatus to be built ower for the same amount of power The gas formed must easily separate from the fluid after having done its work, hence it should not be soluble in the moving fluid.

It is a known fact that a steam engine plant converts usuall only from eight to ten per cent. of the heat contained in the fuel, into useful work. About fifty-three r cent. of all the heat contained in the fuel is lost as latent heat with the exhaust steam. Another large part is lost in the gases escaping from the boiler on account of incrustations, and the high temperature at which they leave the fuel. If, however, carbon disulfid be employed as the gas-formingfluid, the latent heat of which is only about one-sixth of that of water, there will be a waste of only one-sixth of the heat lost in a proportional amount of exhaust steam.

urther as the combustion or heat supplying ses leave the apparatus at a temperature ow the boiling point of the water or other substance used as a moving fluid, while the temperature of the combustion gases of a steam plant is about 300 C., there is a considerable gain in this respect. Another gain is to be found in the fact'ot less loss by radiation, this apparatus as has been explained,

process which consists in heating a circulating fluid to a temperature below its boiling point, but above the boiling point of a sec ond fluid, introducing such second fluid into the first fluid whereby the second fluid is transformed intogas or volatilized by the heat of the first fluid, causing the first fluid to acquire velocity and utilizing it separately from the gas of the second fluid to do mechanical work.

2. The process of producing power which consists in heating a circulating medium to a temperature below its boiling point, introducing into this medium a second fluid Whose boiling point is sufliciently low, that the second fluid is vaporized by the heat of the first fluid, thus causing the first fluid to acquire velocity which may be utilized to do mechanical work.

3. The herein described power producing process, which consists in heating a circulating liquid to a temperature below its boiling point, but above the boiling point of a second liquid, introducing such second liquid into the first liquid, whereby the second liquid is transformed into gas by the heat of the first liquid, causing the first liquid to be raised by the gas to a higher level, from which itmay pass by gravity through a motor and back to its starting point, thus creating mechanical power.

In testimon whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

PAUL DANCKWARDT.

lVitnesses:

A. J. OBRIEN, DENA NELSON. 

